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How do you handle instrumentation and observability in Next.js (instrumentation.ts)?

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01

Understand the problem

Startup hooks for tracing/monitoring.

nextjsinstrumentationobservabilityopentelemetry
02

Attempt it yourself

Sketch your approach before reading the solution — that's what interviews test.

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Stuck? Beam a request up — the console returns a conceptual nudge that guides your logic without spoiling the implementation.

03

Study the solution

instrumentation.ts exports a register() function that runs once when the server starts — the place to initialize OpenTelemetry, error monitoring (Sentry), or other tracing. Next.js also supports onRequestError and OpenTelemetry integration for distributed tracing across server rendering and handlers.

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04

Read the code

Initialize tracing at startup
// instrumentation.ts (project root)
export async function register() {
  if (process.env.NEXT_RUNTIME === 'nodejs') {
    const { NodeSDK } = await import('@opentelemetry/sdk-node');
    new NodeSDK({ /* exporter, instrumentations */ }).start();
  }
}
// Optional: capture server errors with context
export async function onRequestError(err, request, context) {
  reportToSentry(err, { request, context });
}
05

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