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Why use virtual environments?

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01

Understand the problem

Explain venv.

venvpip
02

Attempt it yourself

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03

Study the solution

A virtual environment (python -m venv) isolates a project's dependencies and Python version from the system and other projects, preventing version conflicts. Combined with a requirements.txt/lock file it makes installs reproducible.

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04

Run the code

Typical venv workflow (shell)
# Create an isolated environment in ./.venv
python -m venv .venv

# Activate it
source .venv/bin/activate        # macOS / Linux
# .venv\Scripts\activate         # Windows

# Install INTO this env only, then freeze exact versions
pip install requests==2.32.0
pip freeze > requirements.txt

# Reproduce the exact env elsewhere (another machine / CI)
pip install -r requirements.txt

deactivate                       # leave the environment
PYInspect which interpreter/env is active
Practice
05

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