Explain operation complexities.
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Understand the problem
complexity
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Attempt it yourself
Sketch your approach before reading the solution — that's what interviews test.
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Study the solution
The solution is waiting
Give it an honest attempt first — then compare your thinking with the full walkthrough.
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Read the code
Picking the right structure
Run Playgroundimport bisect
# Array / list: O(1) index, O(n) search
arr = [10, 20, 30]
print(arr[1]) # 20 O(1)
print(20 in arr) # True O(n)
# dict (hash map): O(1) average lookup, unordered
seen = {"a": 1, "b": 2}
print(seen["a"]) # 1 O(1) avg
# Ordered / range queries: Python has no built-in BST; a sorted list
# + bisect gives O(log n) search. (3rd-party: sortedcontainers.SortedDict)
keys = [1, 3, 5]
print(keys[bisect.bisect_left(keys, 3)]) # 3 search/successor, O(log n)05
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