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hardSystem Design

What is a read/write quorum?

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01

Understand the problem

Explain quorum-based consistency.

quorumconsistency
02

Attempt it yourself

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03

Study the solution

Step 1: Outline use cases and constraints

Gather requirements and scope the problem. Ask questions to clarify use cases and constraints. Discuss assumptions.

Use cases

We'll scope the problem to handle only the following use cases

  • User needs to understand quorum to make architecture decisions

Solution ready — 2 min read

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04

Read the code

Quorum write + read
Run Playground
N, W, R = 5, 3, 3   # W + R > N guarantees overlap

replicas = [{"value": None, "version": 0} for _ in range(N)]

def write(value, version):
    acks = 0
    for r in replicas:               # send to all, succeed once W ack
        r["value"], r["version"] = value, version
        acks += 1
        if acks == W:
            break
    return acks >= W

def read():
    sample = replicas[:R]            # read from R replicas
    latest = max(sample, key=lambda r: r["version"])  # newest wins
    return latest["value"], latest["version"]

write("v2", 2)
print("read ->", read())   # sees v2 because the read/write sets overlap
05

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