What are transaction isolation levels?

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## Transaction Isolation Levels Transaction isolation controls how concurrent transactions see changes made by other transactions. It trades **data consistency** for **query concurrency**: | Isolation Level | Dirty Reads | Non-Repeatable Reads | Phantom Reads | |---|---|---|---| | **Read Uncommitted** | Allowed | Allowed | Allowed | | **Read Committed** | Prevented | Allowed | Allowed | | **Repeatable Read** | Prevented | Prevented | Allowed (or blocked in Postgres/InnoDB) | | **Serializable** | Prevented | Prevented | Prevented |

What are transaction isolation levels?

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