The unit tests of AI engineering: measuring nondeterministic behaviour so you can change things safely.
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What are evals and why does every LLM feature need them?
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01
Understand the problem
evalstestingqualityllmops
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Attempt it yourself
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Evals are automated tests for model behaviour: a dataset of realistic inputs, expected outcomes or grading criteria, and graders (code checks or LLM judges) producing scores. They exist because LLM behaviour is nondeterministic and prompt/model changes have non-local effects — without evals every change is vibes-tested
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Minimal eval harness
const cases: EvalCase[] = loadJsonl("golden/triage.jsonl"); // {input, expected, tags}
const results = await Promise.all(cases.map(async (c) => {
const out = await system.run(c.input);
return {
id: c.id, tags: c.tags,
exact: out.label === c.expected.label, // code grader
faithful: await judge.score("faithfulness", c.input, out) // rubric judge, 1-5
};
}));
console.table(sliceBy(results, "tags"));
// accuracy overall 0.91 | slice:refunds 0.95 | slice:multilingual 0.72 <- found it05
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