hardSystem Design

How does React Fiber work?

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01

Understand the problem

Deep dive into React's internal reconciliation engine rewrite.

fiberarchitecturereconciliation
02

Attempt it yourself

Sketch your approach before reading the solution — that's what interviews test.

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03

Study the solution

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04

Read the code

Concurrent priority with useTransition
import { useState, useTransition } from "react";

export default function App() {
  const [text, setText] = useState("");
  const [list, setList] = useState([]);
  const [isPending, startTransition] = useTransition();

  const onChange = (e) => {
    setText(e.target.value);                 // urgent: keep input responsive
    startTransition(() => {                   // non-urgent: Fiber can interrupt
      setList(Array.from({ length: 5000 }, (_, i) => e.target.value + " " + i));
    });
  };

  return (
    <div style={{ padding: 24, fontFamily: "system-ui" }}>
      <input value={text} onChange={onChange} placeholder="type fast" />
      {isPending && <span> updating…</span>}
      <p>{list.length} rows</p>
    </div>
  );
}
05

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