Flatten Array (Iterative)

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### 💡 How to Think About This Problem
When implementing **Flatten Array (Iterative)** in an interview, the interviewer evaluates your core JavaScript capabilities, syntax familiarity, and edge-case handling.

#### 1. Deconstructing the Requirements
To construct a robust solution:
* **Pre-conditions**: Handle empty collections or incorrect parameter types.
* **Core Logic**: Target the required functional transformation cleanly.

#### 2. Step-by-Step Breakdown

* **Step 1: Input Validation** - Check constraints and boundary values early on.
* **Step 2: Algorithm Implementation** - Use a stack initialized with the array elements and their corresponding indices. Keep a visited Set of object references to guard against circular references. Loop while the stack has items, popping each element. If it's an array and hasn't been visited, push its items back onto the stack to walk recursively. Otherwise, push it into the results array. Reverse the final array to reconstruct correct index orderi

Flatten Array (Iterative)

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